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The solution for waterproofing membranes in civil buildings mainly involves selecting suitable waterproofing membranes, construction preparation, construction steps, and post maintenance. Here is a detailed solution:

1. Material selection:

ｓｅｌｅｃｔ materials with good weather resistance and water resistance based on the environmental conditions of the usage area, such as temperature and humidity changes.

Considering the convenience of construction, choose rolls that are easy to cut, lay, and have high bonding strength to improve construction efficiency and quality.

Ensure that the selected materials comply with national environmental standards and avoid the release of harmful substances that may affect indoor air quality.

Reasonably choose cost-effective waterproofing membranes while ensuring quality.

2. Construction preparation:

Thoroughly clean the grassroots to ensure that there are no defects such as oil stains, floating dust, sanding, cracks, etc.

Special treatment should be carried out on detailed nodes such as wall corners, pipe roots, and floor drains, such as applying waterproof coatings and laying reinforcement layers, to enhance the waterproof effect.

Accurately calculate the required amount of waterproofing membrane and check the material quality to ensure no damage, mold, or other phenomena.

3. Construction steps:

Wetting the base layer: Use a spray bottle or roller to evenly wet the surface of the base layer, but there should be no visible water.

Applying base oil: Depending on the selected type of coil, it may be necessary to apply a layer of base oil or base treatment agent on the substrate to enhance the adhesion between the coil and the substrate.

Laying rolls: Starting from one end of the room, lay rolls in sequence along the baseline of the wall or floor, and use specialized tools to roll the rolls to ensure that they are tightly adhered to the base without bubbles or wrinkles. Adequate overlap width should be left between adjacent rolls, and hot melt welding or adhesive bonding should be carried out as required to ensure tight sealing of the joints.

Node reinforcement: For the already laid rolls, reinforcement treatment should be carried out again at the detailed nodes, such as using waterproof coating, laying additional layers, etc.

Closed water test: After the completion of the waterproof layer construction, a closed water test is required to check whether there is any leakage in the waterproof layer. Generally, it is necessary to store water for at least 24 hours and observe whether there are any signs of water seepage downstairs or on the walls.

4. Post maintenance:

Regularly inspect the waterproof layer for any signs of damage or aging, especially in vulnerable areas such as around pipelines and corners.

Timely repair damaged areas to prevent small problems from turning into big ones.

By following the above steps, a waterproof membrane solution for civil buildings can be effectively implemented, ensuring the waterproof performance of the building and extending its service life.